# Product & Design
> Distilled from [[Product & Design Fundamentals]]
## When to use
Activate when working on product discovery, design reviews, prioritization, roadmap planning, or evaluating product-market fit.
## Rubric — five product capabilities
### 1. Keeper of the vision
Articulate why the product needs to exist. Use this vision template:
- For *(target customer)* who *(statement of need/opportunity)*
- The *(product name)* is a *(product category)*
- That *(key benefit, compelling reason to buy)*
- Unlike *(primary competitive alternative)*
- Our product *(statement of primary differentiation)*
### 2. Strong product intuition
Intuition is compressed experience (Thomas Davenport). It adds value to user research and design — it doesn't replace them. Build intuition through direct exposure to users, competitive products, and adjacent markets.
### 3. User-centered design
Understand user pain points, prototype solutions, validate assumptions. Use the Double Diamond (diverge → converge → diverge → converge). Consider Nielsen's 10 usability heuristics.
### 4. Instrument and iterate
Measure success through both quantitative and qualitative signals. Test product-market fit rigorously (Superhuman's PMF framework). Don't ship and forget.
### 5. Outcomes over outputs
Prioritize what the product achieves, not what it ships. Use OKRs, Working Backwards (Amazon PR/FAQ), or GIST framework. Avoid MoSCoW unless the org requires it.
## Key frameworks for prioritization
- **RICE** — Reach, Impact, Confidence, Effort
- **Kano model** — Must-be, One-dimensional, Attractive, Indifferent, Reverse
- **BLAC** — Blatant, Latent, Aspirational, Critical (Skok's value proposition)
- **Mission command** — set clear intent, let teams decide how to execute
## Four big risks (Marty Cagan / SVPG)
1. **Value risk** — will customers buy it or choose to use it?
2. **Usability risk** — can users figure out how to use it?
3. **Feasibility risk** — can engineering build it with available time, skills, technology?
4. **Business viability risk** — does it work for the business?
## Actions
- When reviewing a product proposal, check that all four risks are addressed.
- When prioritizing, require the PM to state which framework they're using and why.
- Always ask: are we optimizing for outcomes or outputs?